Behavioral inhibition/activation, negative affect, emotion dysregulation, and anger rumination in aggressive and antisocial behavior (Inhibición/activación conductual, afecto negativo, desregulación emocional y rumiación de ira en conductas agresivas y antisociales)

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Publicado: jul. 28, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56754/2810-6598.2026.0068
Palabras clave:
psicopatología, BIS/BAS, transdiagnóstico, comportamiento antisocial, cognición, regulación emocional

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Ronald Toro
Department of Psychology, Universidad Católica de Pereira, Colombia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6061-3499
Martha Frías-Armenta
Department of Law, Universidad de Sonora, México
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1516-3182
Juan García-García
Department of Psychology, Universidad de Almería, Spain
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-8497
Flor Zaldívar-Basurto
Department of Psychology, Universidad de Almería, Spain
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-0609

Resumen

Abstract: Aggressive and antisocial behaviors are symptomatic indicators of antisocial psychopathology and may be explained by transdiagnostic variables at structural, emotional, and cognitive levels. This study aimed to develop a preliminary multivariate explanatory model incorporating structural variables—behavioral activation and inhibition systems (BIS-BAS) and trait negative affect (NA-trait)—an emotional variable—emotion dysregulation (ED)—and a cognitive variable—anger rumination (AR)—associated with aggressive and antisocial behaviors in adolescents and young adults. The sample comprised 351 males aged 14 to 25 years (M = 17.81, SD = 3.11) recruited from two educational institutions and two correctional facilities in Sonora, Mexico. Path analysis indicated that the structural, emotional, and cognitive variables predicted aggression and antisocial behavior. Specifically, BIS and NA-trait were associated with greater emotion dysregulation linked to reactive aggression, whereas BAS was associated with greater anger rumination in proactive aggressive and antisocial behaviors. The transdiagnostic model showed greater explanatory power for aggression-related symptoms (reactive aggression, R² = .35; proactive aggression, R² = .28) than for antisocial behavior (R² = .17). These findings support incorporating emotion regulation and anger rumination into the assessment and design of transdiagnostic interventions for adolescents and young adults exhibiting aggressive and antisocial behaviors.


Keywords: psychopathology; BIS/BAS; transdiagnostic; antisocial behavior; cognition; emotional regulation.


Resumen: Las conductas agresivas y antisociales son indicadores sintomáticos de psicopatologías antisociales y pueden explicarse mediante variables transdiagnósticas de nivel estructural, emocional y cognitivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un modelo explicativo multivariado preliminar que incorporara variables estructurales —sistemas de activación e inhibición conductual (BIS-BAS) y rasgo de afecto negativo (NA-trait)—, emocionales —desregulación emocional (ED)— y cognitivas —rumiación de la ira (AR)— asociadas con conductas agresivas y antisociales en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 351 varones de 14 a 25 años (M = 17.81, DE = 3.11), provenientes de dos instituciones educativas y dos centros correccionales de Sonora, México. Los resultados del análisis de senderos indicaron que las variables estructurales, emocionales y cognitivas predijeron la agresión y las conductas antisociales. En particular, BIS y NA-trait se asociaron con mayor desregulación emocional vinculada a la agresión reactiva, mientras que BAS se relacionó con mayor rumiación de la ira en las conductas agresivas proactivas y antisociales. El modelo transdiagnóstico mostró mayor capacidad explicativa para los síntomas de agresión (agresión reactiva, R² = .35; agresión proactiva, R² = .28) que para las conductas antisociales (R² = .17). Estos hallazgos respaldan la incorporación de la regulación emocional y la rumiación de la ira en la evaluación y el diseño de intervenciones transdiagnósticas para adolescentes y adultos jóvenes con conductas agresivas y antisociales.


Palabras clave: psicopatología; BIS/BAS; transdiagnóstico; comportamiento antisocial; cognición; regulación emocional.


Resumo: Os comportamentos agressivos e antissociais são indicadores sintomáticos de psicopatologias antissociais e podem ser explicados por variáveis transdiagnósticas nos níveis estrutural, emocional e cognitivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um modelo explicativo multivariado preliminar que incorporasse variáveis estruturais —sistemas de ativação e inibição comportamental (BIS-BAS) e traço de afeto negativo (NA-trait)—, emocionais —desregulação emocional (ED)— e cognitivas —ruminação da raiva (AR)— associadas a comportamentos agressivos e antissociais em adolescentes e adultos jovens. A amostra foi composta por 351 participantes do sexo masculino, com idades entre 14 e 25 anos (M = 17,81; DP = 3,11), provenientes de duas instituições de ensino e dois centros correcionais em Sonora, México. Os resultados da análise de caminhos indicaram que as variáveis estruturais, emocionais e cognitivas predizem a agressão e os comportamentos antissociais. Especificamente, BIS e NA-trait associaram-se a maior desregulação emocional vinculada à agressão reativa, enquanto BAS se relacionou a maior ruminação da raiva nos comportamentos agressivos proativos e antissociais. O modelo transdiagnóstico apresentou maior capacidade explicativa para os sintomas relacionados à agressão (agressão reativa, R² = 0,35; agressão proativa, R² = 0,28) do que para os comportamentos antissociais (R² = 0,17). Esses achados sustentam a incorporação da regulação emocional e da ruminação da raiva na avaliação e no planejamento de intervenções transdiagnósticas para adolescentes e adultos jovens com comportamentos agressivos e antissociais.


Palavras-chave: psicopatologia; BIS/BAS; transdiagnostico; comportamento antissocial; cognição; regulação emocional.

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Toro, R., Frías-Armenta, M., García-García, J., & Zaldívar-Basurto, F. (2026). Behavioral inhibition/activation, negative affect, emotion dysregulation, and anger rumination in aggressive and antisocial behavior (Inhibición/activación conductual, afecto negativo, desregulación emocional y rumiación de ira en conductas agresivas y antisociales). Ibero-American Journal of Psychology and Public Policy, 3(2), Online First. https://doi.org/10.56754/2810-6598.2026.0068
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